Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellowish (orange or red in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The amount of types has varied, depending how they are grouped, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the real name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slice bouquets and as ornamental plants in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art work, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as high as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light bulb. The flower stem bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The plants, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or almost never inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The plants may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.
The bulb sits dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile origins that yank it down further in to the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few types are autumn flowering.
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