Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The number of kinds has varied, depending on how they are labeled, due to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the real name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The species are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were created in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as lower flowers so that as ornamental plants in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the image of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The vegetable stem usually bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The blossoms, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The bouquets may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries involves a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile roots that yank it down further in to the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few species are autumn flowering.
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