Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with about 50 species. The true volume of varieties has mixed, depending on how they are grouped, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the real name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slice blossoms as ornamental plants in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering for an underground storage light. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as extra tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The flower stem usually bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The flowers, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or hardly ever inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The plants may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits involves a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile roots that yank it down further into the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer time to late winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few types are fall months flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar