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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten areas with about 50 species. The true range of kinds has varied, depending how they are labeled, scheduled to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The species are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop plants and as ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the mark of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as tall as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The plant stem bears a solitary bloom, but once in a while a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The plants, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or seldom green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits contains a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile origins that yank it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

NARCISSISTIC DEFINITION

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