Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The true quantity of species has assorted, depending about how they are categorised, due to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the true name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as cut flowers as ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and artwork, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the symbol of cancers charities in many countries. The appearance of the outrageous flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The herb stem bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The flowers, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or hardly ever green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The plants may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry contains a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile roots that move it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer time to late winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few species are fall months flowering.
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