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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten areas with about 50 species. The number of types has mixed, depending about how they are categorised, due to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the true name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slash plants so that ornamental plants in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and skill, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the icon of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as large as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The plant stem bears a solitary rose, but once in a while a cluster of blooms (umbel). The bouquets, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or rarely renewable, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The blossoms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile roots that yank it down further into the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

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