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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The true volume of kinds has mixed, depending on how they are labeled, credited to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the real name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The types are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash bouquets so that ornamental plants in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art work, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the mark of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as extra tall as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The plant stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The blooms, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The plants may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back and has contractile origins that yank it down further into the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

Art Renewal Center :: Dmitry Sevryukov :: Narcissus

Narcisse : Semis, entretien, culture et arrosage

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