Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with approximately 50 species. The true amount of species has mixed, depending how they are labeled, credited to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The species are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were released in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop blossoms so when ornamental plants in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide rose of Wales and the symbol of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as extra tall as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The flowers, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or almost never green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The plants may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile origins that pull it down further into the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few kinds are fall flowering.
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