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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellowish (orange or red in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The true variety of types has assorted, depending on how they are labeled, due to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The types are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slice blooms and since ornamental plants in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and fine art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the symbol of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as extra tall as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The plant stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The flowers, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or hardly ever inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile root base that take it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer months to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are autumn flowering.

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