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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden types), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten sections with around 50 species. The number of kinds has varied, depending on how they are categorised, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Narcissi are popular as lower flowers so when ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the sign of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering for an underground storage light. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as high as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The flowers, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or rarely renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit consists of a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile origins that yank it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer months to late winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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