Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The number of varieties has varied, depending on how they are labeled, due to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of this name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The types are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were released in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as chop blooms so that as ornamental crops in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the icon of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the outrageous flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The herb stem bears a solitary rose, but once in a while a cluster of flowers (umbel). The plants, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or seldom renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back and has contractile roots that take it down further into the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are fall months flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar