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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with around 50 species. The true number of types has varied, depending how they are grouped, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as slash blossoms as ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the sign of cancers charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as large as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The place stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blooms, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb is dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile roots that draw it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer to overdue winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few species are fall flowering.

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