Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with about 50 species. The true amount of kinds has assorted, depending how they are categorised, scheduled to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The varieties are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as lower plants so that as ornamental vegetation in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the mark of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves come up from the bulb. The flower stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blooms, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The blossoms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile origins that pull it down further in to the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer months to past due winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few types are fall months flowering.
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