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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with around 50 species. The true variety of species has assorted, depending how they are classified, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the real name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The types are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were created in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as trim plants as ornamental crops in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the icon of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The seed stem usually bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or almost never inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The blossoms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile root base that yank it down further into the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are autumn flowering.

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