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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with roughly 50 species. The true variety of varieties has varied, depending about how they are labeled, thanks to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Narcissi are popular as slice blooms so when ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the image of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as high as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The vegetable stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The plants, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or hardly ever green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile root base that yank it down further into the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer months to later winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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