Echo and Narcissus by esstera on DeviantArt

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten sections with around 50 species. The true volume of varieties has varied, depending how they are categorised, due to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the real name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as trim blossoms as ornamental plants in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the mark of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The seed stem bears a solitary bloom, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or hardly ever green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb is dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile roots that take it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few kinds are fall months flowering.

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