Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The number of types has varied, depending how they are classified, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the true name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slash blooms and since ornamental crops in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the symbol of cancers charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The vegetable stem bears a solitary bloom, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or hardly ever inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile origins that yank it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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