Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The number of types has mixed, depending on how they are classified, scheduled to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were created in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as trim blossoms and as ornamental plants in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the symbol of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the outrageous flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as large as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The place stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but once in a while a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blossoms, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or hardly ever renewable, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile roots that take it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar