Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending on how they are labeled, due to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the real name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The species are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as chop blossoms as ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The seed stem bears a solitary rose, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blooms, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or seldom inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The blossoms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile origins that take it down further in to the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are fall months flowering.
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