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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in historic civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The number of kinds has assorted, depending on how they are categorised, thanks to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were released in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop bouquets and as ornamental plants in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and artwork, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage light. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as large as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The flower stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blooms, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The plants may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb is dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile origins that move it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.

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