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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with about 50 species. The true variety of species has varied, depending about how they are categorised, thanks to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the real name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slash bouquets so when ornamental plants in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art work, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the icon of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as tall as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The herb stem bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The bouquets, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or hardly ever inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The bouquets may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits involves a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile origins that take it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are fall flowering.

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