Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species. The number of species has assorted, depending how they are labeled, credited to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the real name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were created in to the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash flowers so that as ornamental vegetation in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide rose of Wales and the icon of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The flower stem bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The plants, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or seldom green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile roots that yank it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summertime to late winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few species are autumn flowering.
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