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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The true amount of kinds has varied, depending on how they are categorized, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were presented in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slash blooms so when ornamental crops in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the sign of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as large as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The seed stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blossoms, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The plants may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile root base that yank it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summertime to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are fall months flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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