Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with around 50 species. The true range of types has varied, depending how they are grouped, anticipated to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the real name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of this name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were created in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slash blooms so that as ornamental crops in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales and the mark of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The vegetable stem bears a solitary rose, but once in a while a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blossoms, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or hardly ever green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The bouquets may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile roots that draw it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.
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