Reflections on ‘Narziss and Goldmund’ by Hermann Hesse Middle

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species. The number of varieties has varied, depending about how they are categorized, credited to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the true name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of diversity in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were presented into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as cut bouquets so when ornamental crops in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the sign of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as high as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The bouquets, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or seldom green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The plants may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile root base that pull it down further in to the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summer season to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are fall flowering.

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NARCISSUS AND GOLDMUND

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Hermann Hesse Paintings Narziss and Goldmund by Hermann Hesse cover

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