Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The amount of varieties has mixed, depending how they are classified, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as cut bouquets so that as ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering for an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as high as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The plant stem bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blossoms, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or hardly ever inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile origins that take it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are fall flowering.
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