Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The number of species has assorted, depending about how they are labeled, credited to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the real name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as cut blossoms so that ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the icon of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as large as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The flower stem bears a solitary rose, but sometimes a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The flowers, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or seldom green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile origins that move it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are fall flowering.
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