narcissus bulb fly, Merodon equestris Diptera: Syrphidae 1543872

By Gafarshod Sabtu, 17 Desember 2016

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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with around 50 species. The true amount of types has varied, depending how they are classified, thanks to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The types are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were presented in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slash bouquets and as ornamental crops in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the symbol of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The blossoms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile root base that take it down further into the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summertime to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are fall flowering.

narcissus bulb fly, Merodon equestris Diptera: Syrphidae 1455072

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