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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The true volume of varieties has assorted, depending about how they are grouped, due to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as chop blooms and as ornamental vegetation in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the symbol of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as extra tall as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The place stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of flowers (umbel). The flowers, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or seldom inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit includes a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile roots that yank it down further into the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer time to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few types are fall flowering.

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