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By Gafarshod Jumat, 16 Desember 2016

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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in historic civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The amount of types has assorted, depending on how they are grouped, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as cut blossoms so that ornamental plants in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art work, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage light. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as tall as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light bulb. The vegetable stem bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blossoms, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or hardly ever inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry involves a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile root base that draw it down further into the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

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