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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending about how they are labeled, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slice bouquets and as ornamental plant life in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the symbol of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as extra tall as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The herb stem bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or hardly ever green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits contains a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb is dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile origins that yank it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from warmer summer months to later winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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