Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden types), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The true range of types has varied, depending about how they are categorised, anticipated to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slice blossoms and since ornamental plants in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the image of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as high as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The place stem bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blossoms, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or seldom renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb is dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile origins that move it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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