Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten parts with around 50 species. The number of species has varied, depending about how they are grouped, scheduled to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the real name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop plants so when ornamental plant life in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the symbol of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The flower stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry involves a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile roots that take it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summertime to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are fall flowering.
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