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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with roughly 50 species. The amount of kinds has varied, depending about how they are categorized, due to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as cut blooms so that as ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the image of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The plant stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of flowers (umbel). The bouquets, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or rarely renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.

The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile root base that pull it down further into the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few types are fall flowering.

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