Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The true variety of types has assorted, depending about how they are categorized, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is often linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The species are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were presented in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash plants so that as ornamental crops in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage light. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The flower stem bears a solitary rose, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The blossoms, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.
The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back and has contractile root base that yank it down further into the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer months to late winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are fall months flowering.
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