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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden types), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The true number of varieties has mixed, depending on how they are classified, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of diversity in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were presented into the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop bouquets and as ornamental plants in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the sign of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light bulb. The plant stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The blossoms, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or seldom renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile root base that draw it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

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