Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The true range of species has assorted, depending how they are categorised, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the true name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as cut plants and since ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the sign of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as extra tall as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or almost never green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The bouquets may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits consists of a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile roots that yank it down further in to the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few types are autumn flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar