Narcissus Narcissus poeticus

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with around 50 species. The amount of types has assorted, depending on how they are classified, anticipated to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as slice bouquets and since ornamental plant life in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as large as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The place stem bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blossoms, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back and has contractile origins that move it down further in to the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summertime to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are fall flowering.

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