Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The amount of species has varied, depending how they are categorized, anticipated to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower plants and since ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the symbol of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as extra tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The herb stem usually bears a solitary rose, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The flowers, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or seldom renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile root base that take it down further into the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer time to late winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few kinds are fall flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar