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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with around 50 species. The number of varieties has assorted, depending how they are categorised, thanks to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as chop plants so when ornamental plant life in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the image of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The place stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The bouquets, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The blossoms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile root base that draw it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are autumn flowering.

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